Explainers

Nuclear energy is low-carbon energy made by breaking the bonds that hold particles together inside an atom.

Greenhouse gases are gases—like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—that keep the Earth warmer than it would be without them.

Climate sensitivity describes the extent to which rising levels of greenhouse gases affect the Earth’s temperature.

Radiative forcing is what happens when the amount of energy that enters the Earth’s atmosphere is different from the amount of energy that leaves it.

Aviation emissions are responsible for around 5% of climate warming, and this share is rising.

Fusion energy is the source of carbon-free energy at the center of stars, including our own sun.